Emergency Evacuation From a Teaching Building Based on The Social Force Model

Due to the frequent occurrence of stampedes on campus, a teaching building in Beijing was selected to study evacuation. Based on field observation, the evacuation variables of individual traits, crowd behavior, environment, architectural design, and emergency management were screened, and a staff-intensive high-rise evacuation simulation mathematical model was built. Building Exodus software was used to conduct numerical simulation of the individual traits, the crowd behavior, and the environment by a social model. The experimental results revealed that the communication between personnel, time to the event, and the personnel reaction time to accidents had little impact on the evacuation time. On the other hand, the personnel agility, familiarity with the building, dynamic attributes, and patience had a great influence on evacuation time. Each group exit that had an obvious influence on evacuation time had almost the same number of total evacuees; however, the evacuation volume of Exit 8 is overburdened. Exit 4, which was nearby, should see increased use in future. Consequently, these research methods and results provide some reference value for evacuation from teaching buildings.