Position-Aware Participation-Contributed Temporal Dynamic Model for Group Activity Recognition

Group activity recognition (GAR) aiming at understanding the behavior of a group of people in a video clip has received increasing attention recently. Nevertheless, most of the existing solutions ignore that not all the persons contribute to the group activity of the scene equally. That is to say, the contribution from different individual behaviors to group activity is different; meanwhile, the contribution from people with different spatial positions is also different. To this end, we propose a novel Position-aware Participation-Contributed Temporal Dynamic Model (P2CTDM), in which two types of the key actor are constructed and learned. Specifically, we focus on the behaviors of key actors, who maintain steady motions (long moving time, called long motions) or display remarkable motions (but closely related to other people and the group activity, called flash motions) at a certain moment. For capturing long motions, we rank individual motions according to their intensity measured by stacking optical flows. For capturing flash motions that are closely related to other people, we design a position-aware interaction module (PIM) that simultaneously considers the feature similarity and position information. Beyond that, for capturing flash motions that are highly related to the group activity, we also present an aggregation long short-term memory (Agg-LSTM) to fuse the outputs from PIM by time-varying trainable attention factors. Four widely used benchmarks are adopted to evaluate the performance of the proposed P2CTDM compared to the state of the art.