Bearing Fault Detection Using Scalogram and Switchable Normalization-Based CNN (SN-CNN)

Bearings play a vital role in all rotating machinery, and their failure is one of the significant causes of machine breakdown leading to a profound loss of safety and property. Therefore, the failure of rolling element bearings should be detected early while the machine fault is small. This paper presents the model that detects bearing failures using the continuous wavelet transform and classifies them using a switchable normalization-based convolutional neural network (SN-CNN). State-of-the-art accuracy was achieved with the proposed model using the Case Western Reserve University (CWRU) bearing dataset, which serves as the primary dataset for validating various algorithms for bearing failure detection. Batch normalization techniques were also employed and compared to the proposed model. The spectrogram images were also used as input for further comparison. Using switchable normalization, the proposed model achieved the testing accuracy in between 99.44% and 100% for different batch sizes and datasets.