Integration and Dimensioning of Battery Storage Systems in Commercial Building Applications with Renewable Powerplants and Battery Electric Vehicles

In this study, the integration and dimensioning of battery storage systems (BSS) in commercial buildings is investigated under consideration of renewable energy generation and electromobility. For this purpose, an energy system model has been developed and several energy system constellations (scenarios) were simulated within a case study for the years 2020 and 2030. Two modeling approaches for the charging of battery electric vehicles were used: simple, uncontrolled and smart, controlled charging. For each scenario a BSS could be implemented and dimensioned by the optimizer with the aim to reduce overall system costs. This could be achieved by either a reduction of peak loads (“peak shaving”) of the building and the battery electric vehicles (BEV) or by an increase of the self-consumption rate of the photovoltaic powerplant. The results of the case study show, that in each scenario a BSS has a positive impact on the optimization result. Overall energy system costs could be reduced by the integration of a BSS in all cases. This concludes that already today BSS have the potential for an economic integration into commercial buildings - and even more in the future with decreasing storage costs and incentives. Furthermore, they can support a grid-friendly integration of BEV and local renewable energy generation.