Retrieving 3D Large Gradient Deformation Induced to Mining Subsidence Based on Fusion of Boltzmann Prediction Model and Single-Track InSAR Earth Observation Technology

Surface deformation of mining area caused by mining subsidence can be divided into three stages: the initial stage, the active stage and the decline stage. At the active stage, D-InSAR technology could be easily affected by the incoherence of large-gradient deformation, thus leading to the failure of conventional D-InSAR technology in monitoring mining subsidence.In order to solve the problem, this paper developed a 3D surface deformation prediction method of mining subsidence by integrating dynamic Boltzmann prediction model with D-InSAR. It was firstly to monitor the surface movement and deformation by D-InSAR technology during the decline stage and obtain the surface LOS deformation field data. Then, on the basis of Boltzmann model, the geometric equation between LOS deformation by D-InSAR monitored and 3D deformation was established. Next, the geometric equation was solved based on the GA theory, and the parameters of Boltzmann prior model were obtained. On the basis, the 3D deformation of mining area were obtained, proving that D-InSAR technology was effective to get 3D deformation of mining subsidence. Through simulation experiments, the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified. The surface deformation of 1613 working face in Guqiaonan coal mine was monitored by D-InSAR during the decline stage, and the LOS deformation values were obtained. The 3D deformation was obtained from the initial stage to the decline stage by using the method of DB-InSAR. The monitoring results showed that the fitting errors in the LOS deformation were mostly within 3 mm, the RMSES was ±2.37 mm, shown that the fitting accuracy was high. The RMSE of subsidence were ±120 mm. The results showed that the method of DB-InSAR has engineering application values.