Simulation of Space-Charge-Limited Current for Hot Electrons With Initial Velocity in a Vacuum Diode

In this article, a sheet model is utilized to model and simulate hot electron transport properties in vacuum gap. Based on this model, emitted electrons with constant initial velocities and Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution are considered. Numerical analyses of the potential, electric field, current density, velocity, and phase-space distribution are also performed. The accuracy of this model is verified by comparing with analytical results. Furthermore, we studied the velocity distribution of the emitted electrons at any position in the interelectrode gap and observed a significant change in the distribution.