Simplex Search Method Driven Design for Transient Stability Enhancement in Wind Energy Integrated Power System Using Multi-Band PSS4C

Wind Energy serves as one of the most cost-efficient renewable sources of energy that reduces the carbon emissions. The need for stability enhancement in power systems with the integration of wind energy is a great concern as this is future forward towards energy sustainability. Multi-Band Power System Stabilizer (MB-PSS) has proven to be an effective controller to increase the efficiency and stability of power systems. This article presents a novel method for MB-PSS4C optimization under the fault condition, where the parameters are tuned based on the Simplex Search method. The wind energy integrated power system is investigated to assess the effect of wind energy uncertainty on transient stability and an in-depth analysis of actual wind speed is conducted. A 3-phase fault is carried out to evaluate the effect of Optimized OMB-PSS4C on the stability of two-area four-machine system integrated with wind energy. MATLAB is used to investigate transient stability based on the nonlinear simulation of relative power angle and speed deviation of synchronous generators (SGs). The presented results established that when the OMB-PSS4C and exciter ST1A are used, the relative power angle changed from an unstable to steady-state within the settling time of around 3 s with an accompanying decrease of peak value from 54.8° to 43.23°. The high penetration of wind energy has the potential to cause an increase in settling time, for instance the settling time increased to 7.87 s after integrating 108 MW based wind energy. However, the stability of the system is guaranteed with the utilization of OMB-PSS4C.