2D array microelectrodes for sensing the action potential of the sinoatrial node

This paper will introduce some of the most critical parameters, properties, and characteristics of a cell/electrolyte/electrode interface which, along with cell ion channels, electrode/cell coupling, and the instrumentation required for integrated MEA (microelectrode arrays), could enable sensing multiple signals for the detection of action potentials in time and space. A simple and generic fabrication process for MEA development is also introduced along with several conditions that must be met in order to maximize the electrical coupling for higher signal detection. This is applied for sensing multiple action potentials that originated at the sinus node of the heart.