Leonardo Torres Quevedo: Pioneer of Computing, Automatics, and Artificial Intelligence

The history of computing is a fascinating story. The search for little known pioneers of automation, missed fathers of the computer, unfamiliar founders of computer science, or unrecognized creators of artificial intelligence, invites us to look at the past with an open mind. In this article, we provide a comprehensive examination of the almost unknown contribution of a Spanish pioneer in all those fields during the first two decades of the 20th century, the engineer and mathematician Leonardo Torres Quevedo (1852–1936).