Bivariate analysis of cardiovascular disease risk factors in Gezira state, Sudan (2019) : A hospital-based case-control study

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally, in Africa, the rate is expanding quickly and it is currently a Public health concern. Inevitably the rate is increased in Sudan as well, this study was conducted to determine risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the distribution and prevalence of this disease in Gezira State, Sudan. To achieve the objectives of the study, a dedicated questionnaire was developed and used to measure the factors influencing cardiovascular diseases in Gezira State. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Wad Medani Heart Centre. Data collected lasted for almost one year (From 2018 to 2019). The study sample consisted of 800 inpatients ages 15 years and older. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants' demographic and disease characteristics, their knowledge scores, their practices and personal attitudes about the causes of cardiovascular diseases. Percentages and frequencies were used for the categorical variables, while mean and standard deviations were calculated for the continuous variables. All statistical analyses were performed on Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 for Windows. The study revealed that up to (58.5%) of the patients are urban dwellers, The majority of respondents are aged 55 and over, A small percentage of them received high education (0.5%). also, the study showed that (32.4%) of the respondents were afflicted with diabetes, most of the respondents were passive smokers (79.4%).according to the study, the prevalence rate of Cardiovascular disease in Gezira State is 0.35.the study suggested some recommendations as reflected in the result such as paying attention to the pathological aspects related to cardiovascular diseases such as diabetes,hypertension, kidney, and chronic diseases in general,in addition to behavioural factors such as smoking and drinking alcohol, nutritional factors.