Research on location evolution of ancient historical administrative districts in Guangzhou based on Geographic Information System

At present, there are more researches on urban site selection based on ancient books, text materials and other records, and less use objective data and historical data to analyze the evolution of ancient city location. Taking Guangzhou as the research area, using historical data of city, terrain and river, based on the platform of earth big data scientific engineering data sharing, and using Arc GIS 10.7 the software analyzes the distribution and evolution of Guangzhou's historical urban administrative districts from the Qin Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty (221 B.C -1911), the migration of urban agglomerations, and the relationship between the administrative districts of Guangzhou's historical cities and the geographical environment. The results show that the average center of urban network first moves to Southeast and then to northeast, and the city gradually moves from the place with more water system to the distance with less water system. The city and water system participate in a co evolution process and interact with each other. This paper summarizes the characteristics of the relationship between ancient Guangzhou's historical city development, and provides the corresponding reference for the future urban site selection and urban design, and deals with the relationship between the city and the natural geography more comprehensively.