Review of Low SAR Antennas for Mobile Applications

This is a review paper on planar directional antennas designed to reduce the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the head and body of wireless device users. Metamaterials such as Artificial Magnetic Conductors (AMC) and Electromagnetic Band Gap structures (EBG) are considered. Some results on a new spiral antenna on AMC are shown. Reduction of the SAR from 3 to 20 dB in the head or body of the mobile device users are described. These techniques can be applied to many mobile devices designed to operate close to the head or body.