Efficient Conversion of TM Surface Wave into TM Leaky Wave by Metasurface

In this paper we discuss possible practical implementations of exact solutions for a lossless and reciprocal penetrable metasurface which ensures full conversion of a single-mode surface wave to an arbitrarily directed single plane leaky wave of the same polarization. In contrast to known leaky-wave antennas, we have found the optimal surface reactance modulation which ensures the absence of higher-order modes of the Floquet wave expansion. Therefore, there is no accumulation of reactive energy in higher order modes and all the energy carried by the surface wave is used for launching the single plane wave into space.