Generation of Vortex Waves Using Crossed 2λ-Dipole Antennas

In this paper, a simple and novel method is presented to generate Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) waves for the first OAM mode order with radial polarization. This approach consists of two crossed 2λ-dipole antennas (CDA) where each antenna is fed in the center with identical amplitude but with a 90° phase shift to radiate vortex waves. Further, in order to enhance the gain, the number of crossed dipoles can be increased. Therefore, the simulation of two and four CDA is performed with the full-wave simulator FEKO. Moreover, a two and four crossed 2λ-dipole phased array of two elements can increase the directivity of the radiation in the broadside direction. A reflector of 100 mm × 100 mm is also added for two and four crossed 2λ-dipole antennas to improve the gain in the same direction.