Adaptive Fractional order Control of Photovoltaic Power Generation System with Disturbance Observer

Increasing energy demand, depletion of fossil fuels, and increasing global warming due to carbon emissions have created the need for an alternative, efficient, and environmentally friendly energy system. Solar energy is considered as one of the most promising alternative energy sources, but due to various environmental conditions, it has a problem of low efficiency. To increase its efficiency, the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm is required to extract the maximum power from the photovoltaic array (PV). In this paper, an adaptive fractional order sliding mode controller (AFOSMC) based on a disturbance observer is proposed to achieve the robust performance of the PV system in the presence of external disturbances. The main objective of the controller is to track the maximum power point of PV systems by adopting P&O technique to control the PV voltage under external disturbances.