E2Beam: Energy Efficient Beam Allocation in 5G HetNet using Cooperative Game

Beamforming technology is a key element of 5G mobile networks. In this article, a HetNet is proposed using massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and small cell base stations (SBSs) where SBSs allocate beams to mobile devices and they exchange data with mobile devices through beamforming communication. A cooperative game theory is used among the adjacent SBSs, they allocate frequencies in a cooperative way which reduces the amount of network interference. We have proposed a utility function, through which SBS select low power consumption beam from all beams and allocate this specific beam to the mobile device. In E2Beam, we have calculated the power consumption, signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) and spectral efficiency of the proposed approach and compared it with the previous networks. The power consumption of E2Beam HetNet reduces by ~ 30% and 18%, and enhances the SINR and spectral efficiency by ~ 6% and 5%, and ~ 4% and 3% respectively than the existing approaches, which has lead the proposed E2Beam to an energy efficient network.