Framework for Internet of Things in Remote Soil Monitoring

To meet the rising food demands, the technological implication in farming is emerging. Proper soil monitoring plays a vital role in agricultural production. Internet of Things (IoT) based soil monitoring system is used to maximize the yield of crops or plants by observing soil parameters and providing the necessary information to the farmers remotely. In general, the diagnosis of soil properties of the field is executed through manual laboratory testing. But this can be accomplished in real-time through IoT, where some agricultural soil sensors are engaged for remote sensing. Optimal utilization of resources is crucial in real-time sensors' data monitoring. After analyzing the acquired data, one can get useful inference about the recommendation of crops, fertilizer, and so on in the field. This research deals with several remote soil monitoring systems based upon IoT protocols developed by different researchers to increase crop yields and also provide an overview of sensors, technologies, benefits, challenges, and future aspects of systems. This research also proposes a general framework for IoT based soil monitoring system by using existing technologies.