Physically Unclonable Functions (PUFs): A New Frontier in Supply Chain Product and Asset Tracking

In this article, we introduce and explore the early implications of an innovative technological development known as physically unclonable functions (PUFs). We review the main technological developments of product and asset tracking in the supply chain management field ranging from barcode, radio frequency identification tags, and the Internet of Things. We then introduce the PUF: its definition, technical attributes, and why it brings unique advantages to product tracking. Several use cases are explored demonstrating how PUFs may add value to supply chains, particularly when combined with emerging technologies such as blockchain. We conclude by discussing potential issues for managers in trying to adopt PUF technology and its limitations.