Modeling the Transient State of the Wind Turbine and Protection it Against Direct Lightning

Wind is known as an unlimited energy that we need equipment like turbines to harvest it to generate electric energy. One of the most important issues in the designing of wind farms is the protection of wind turbine equipment against direct and indirect lightning strikes. This paper presents the most upto-date high frequency model of wind turbine equipment, lightning and grounding system using EMTP-RV software. Grounding system has a significant role in reducing the overvoltage when lightning strikes a wind turbine. For reducing overvoltage, several models of grounding system interconnection such as linear, circular and delta are studied. Then, with considering the different conditions, the most optimal interconnection of grounding system is introduced for wind turbines on wind farms.