Identification of shockwave and muzzle blast in a gunshot signal using frequency analysis techniques

The development of an acoustic sensor system used for locating the source of the firing of a weapon is highly challenging. The main challenge is identifying shockwave (SW) and muzzle blast (MB) from the fired signal and computing their arrival time. Incorrect identification of these signals will lead to a false location of the source. This paper discusses three joint time-frequency analysis techniques to identify the shock wave and muzzle blast in a gunshot signal. Techniques include Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT), Continuous Wavelet Transform (CWT), and Synchro Squeezing Transform (SST). Gunshot signals fired from various weapons at different positions were analyzed using these techniques.