Plane-Wave Synthesis Employing Propagating Plane-Wave Expansion for 3-D and 2-D RCS Prediction Including the Multiple Scattering Effects

The plane-wave synthesis (PWS) methods are proposed to predict the 3-D and 2-D RCS accurately with multiple scattering effects. The 3-D method employs the propagating plane-wave expansion and can be implemented identically as the near-field far-field transformation (NFFFT). Either the single-level or multilevel implementation can be applied, and in the single-level implementation, a single pseudo-inverse matrix can be used to synthesize plane waves propagating various incident directions. In addition to the 3-D formulation, the single-cut variation of the method (SC-PWS) is also presented for the 2-D RCS prediction. This method is based on the 2-D propagating plane-wave expansion and formulated employing the approximations on the 3-D Green's function. The numerical and experimental results are presented for the PWS and the SC-PWS.