An Efficient Control Strategy for Frequency Support in Smart Grids Using Electric Vehicles

Electric vehicles can provide certain ancillary services and can support the grid apart from providing environmental friendly transportation facilities. This paper proposes a methodology to meet the required regulation signal, generated due to the frequency fluctuations in the grid, by providing necessary power to reduce the demand supply power mismatches in the grid, using a fleet of EVs. The regulation signals are dispatched among charging stations based on average SOC levels of EVs to control the charging and discharging rates. When the regulation signal is small, a multiobjective linear programming problem is formulated and solved to reduce the power unmet, to maximise the V2G support and to maximise the revenue from EV. When the regulation signal is large, the charging and discharging rates are determined based on the energy available for charging and discharging to reach the required SOC limits. The entire control strategy is validated using MATLAB software.