Defect Detection in Pipelines via Guided Wave-Based Time–Frequency-Domain Reflectometry

In order to improve the performance of the conventional guided wave testing (GWT) with a low sensitivity on damage in pipelines, a new GWT based on time-frequency-domain reflectometry (TFDR) is proposed. TFDR using electromagnetic signals is a diagnostic technique for electrical cables, and the signal is analyzed in both time and frequency domains to enhance the resolution of faults in the electrical cables. Since it is impossible to directly apply the TFDR methodology for electrical cables to the pipelines, this article presents new TFDR methodologies suitable for the ultrasonic characteristics of the pipelines. The proposed technique is demonstrated by experiments using a real-world pipeline. The analysis of the experimental results depending on the changes in the defect size and internal material of the pipeline is provided, and the performance of the proposed technique is confirmed by the experiments.