Strategic Placement of Fuel Cell in Renewable Active Distribution Network

The article presents a statistical model to deploy fuel cells in a renewable base distribution network. The renewable base distributed generator i.e. wind turbine and solar cell provides numerous benefits to ancillary services. However, due to their interruptive characteristics, they have some technical challenges that need to effectively attend. In this article, a model is proposed for adequately deploying fuel cell as a dispatchable power generating unit with wind turbine in the power networks for achieving the vital objectives of ancillary services. The consider objective functions include minimization of, loss in annual energy, node voltage deviation and reverse power injection. The fuel cell unit has a battery bank as its accessory that makes it a dispatchable power generating unit. The battery unit consumes excess power and extracts it when needed. This increases the complexity of the functioning of a fuel cell. Further, a novel nature-inspired artificial intelligence technique, donkey theorem optimization, is presented for efficiently manage and control the effect of high renewable penetration into the system. In order to exhibit the efficacy of the proposed framework, it is investigated on the benchmark distribution system for some cases. The obtained results are encouraging and present the efficacy of the suggested methodology.