Functionality of Smart Grid with RE Enables the Generation of Solar Energy: Opportunity to Come

In this paper, importance of smart electrical energy system for improving the efficiency of the whole energy system that comprises of generation, transmission, grid, distribution and consumer has been reviewed. There is an immense need of understanding the estimate of electrical power requirements of the future generations and how long the conventional energy will last. Hence, for sustainable utilization of fossil fuels and reducing emissions that pollute the environment, integrating a non-conventional source like solar energy into the grid and its digitalization can be achieved only by a smart grid (SG). The existing system measures flow of electricity from source to end users whereas the smart grid will provide multiple paths for electricity to flow and information about that flow throughout the system by using sensors. The benefits of smart grid outweigh the risk of hacking but still it is necessary to take a hard look at the cyber security.