Research on Evaluation Method of Time Transfer Performance Between Ground Stations in Two-Way Satellite Comparison Network

High-precision time synchronization between ground stations is essential for the precise measurement and determination of satellite orbits. Among the numerous time synchronization methods available, two-way satellite time and frequency transfer (TWSTFT) technology is widely used because of the approximate symmetry of its signal transmission path, such that most of the error terms can be offset to obtain subnanosecond time transmission accuracy. A C-band two-way satellite comparison network has been constructed at National Time Service Center (NTSC), Chinese Academy of Sciences for orbit determination and to compare the times between ground stations. The gradual increase in the number of ground stations has created a problem in need of urgent resolution: the facile and rapid evaluation of the time transfer performance between ground stations by a two-way satellite comparison network without the use of additional equipment. We solve this problem by applying the TWSTFT triangle closure method and the precise point positioning time transfer method to the NTSC two-way satellite comparison network and conduct joint observations between terrestrial stations to evaluate the network time transfer performance. We select the Xi’an, Kashi and Sanya stations of the NTSC two-way satellite comparison network to carry out verification tests. The results show that the NTSC two-way satellite comparison network can achieve subnanosecond time synchronization accuracy. The accuracy of time synchronization between stations can be checked conveniently and quickly without the use of additional equipment. This study presents the most recent developments for the NTSC two-way satellite comparison network and serves as a reference for evaluating the time transfer performance of similar networks.