LoRaWAN: State of the Art, Challenges, Protocols and Research Issues

Low Power Wide Area Network (LPWAN) gaining much attention in the industry as well as in academia due to its ability to communicate over the long-range. Due to this reason, LPWAN is considered one of the favorable technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT). Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) is one of the promising technologies of the LPWAN that provide communication with low power, low cost, long-range, and low data rate. This paper covers the state of the art of LoRaWAN technology. Further, this paper discusses the design goal of Long Range (LoRa) technology. Medium Access Control (MAC) layer recent advancements are also part of the paper. Finally, the future research challenges of Physical and MAC layer implementation of LoRaWAN are also highlighted that help researchers and industrialist to implement the concept of LoRaWAN in IoT.