Resolving defects in bistable smectic-A liquid crystal displays

Bistable Smectic-A (SmA) Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) have attained considerable attention being one of the most promising devices for smart glass applications due to long term bistability, low haze at clear state, low transmittance at scatter state and low power consumption. Smart or switchable glass is glass with voltage dependent optical properties which can be altered if specific electrical signals are applied to the glass. However, several challenges such as long response time, complicated preparation, and high cost limit their practical applications. In this paper, driving cycle and parameter optimization for optical and operational properties improvement has been presented. Driving waveform optimization and other defect resolving methods are reviewed to further improve overall bistable Smectic-A liquid crystal display functionality and visual looks.