On the Use of Predation to Shape Evolutionary Computation

Classic Evolutionary Algorithms often use elitist approaches, such as fitness functions, to select individuals for new generations. In this work, we consider an alternative strategy to simulate the selection process that relies on exploiting ecological interactions between individuals instead of explicitly using a fitness based in the search progress. To demonstrate this strategy, we present an Artificial Life system which simulates an ecosystem where different species are different bio-inspired meta-heuristics, and the main ecological relationship is the predation. Specifically, individuals from a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), with movement rules defined by Genetic Programming, survive by predating on individuals from an Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) system that operates on traditional optimization rules. This ecology is investigated on optimization benchmarks, and we observed the development of interesting ecological dynamics between the two species.