Influence of Lubrication Technology on Internal Combustion Engine Performance: An Overview

Modern engines depend directly on the effectiveness of lubricating systems in terms of reliability and efficiency. An engine lubrication system does have the functions of reducing the friction between the bearing surfaces of moving parts and of heated emission and cleaning up the engine parts with the elimination of carbon and other foreign matter in order to be effectively operational. The lubrication system for these functions is the forced lubrication system in nearly all modern internal combustion engines. Although lubrication systems for internal combustion engines are subject to many variations, their components and operational methods are virtually identical. The lubrication industry strives to create environmentally friendly lubrication options for internal combustion engines, given the continuous environmental legislation. To tackle this challenge, lubricants that comply with environmental standards while maintaining high lubrication performance are required. This paper reviewed the performance of various types of engine oils under different conditions, showing that a great many available references demonstrate that lubricant technologies have a strong potential to develop modern engines. The operational parameters, such as compression ratio, injection pressure and time effects, were reviewed to perform a better comparison to the vegetable oils. In conclusion, current researches on engine oil efficiency still have some problems and challenges to take into account in terms of mechanisms to improve heat transfer, the practical use of engine oil for vehicles and further progress.