Regenerative Braking Control Method Based on Predictive Optimization for Four-Wheel Drive Pure Electric Vehicle

Regenerative braking is the key to achieve efficient use of energy and extend the driving range in pure electric vehicles. This study proposes a new predictive control method integrating adaptive cubic exponential prediction and dynamic programming to address the problem of efficient energy recovery during the regular braking process of four-wheel pure electric vehicles. The method considers the dynamic characteristics of an electro-hydraulic combined braking system. The adaptive cubic exponential prediction is adopted to predict the vehicle velocity and braking intensity. The dynamic programming is employed to optimize the motor braking torques and wheel cylinder pressures under the condition of braking regulations, road constraints, and vehicle constraints. To verify the effectiveness of the new predictive control method, the ideal and multi-stage braking force distribution methods are employed for comparison. The results confirm that, under gradual braking conditions, the energy recovery efficiency achieved via the proposed method is improved by 1.55% and 6.40% considering the ideal and multi-stage braking force distribution methods, respectively.