Comprehensive Study on the Recent Development of PERC Solar Cell

Power conversion efficiency (PCE) is the key to developing photovoltaic (PV) industry growth. For this factor, a standard solar cell with an aluminum back surface field (Al-BSF) is used from the past decades. However, Al-BSF suffers from recombination losses that reduces PCE and is a major challenge for the PV industry. To overcome the downsides of the standard solar cell, a new straightforward technology i.e. passivated emitter rear cell (PERC) is used. It has become one of the main PV technology since it differs from the standard solar cell in terms of minimizing the optical and recombination losses. Although PERC is highly compatible and has the ability to capture more light among all other PV technologies. Further, improvement in PERC solar cell structural techniques could make PERC one of the leading cell technologies by 2030s in the industry. For the passivation layer in PERC solar cell, different passivating materials like SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and SiN_X are used. PERC solar cell using these passivating materials enhance the PCE, reduces the light reflectance with improving light trapping and also diminish the rear side recombination losses. This review article presents the recent advancement in the development of the PERC solar cell with setup of different PCE records and structural schemes to increase the PCE.