Topological Bulk Modes For Lasing Application In Kagome Lattice

A photonic topological insulators features waveguiding insensitive to structural imperfections and environmental fluctuations. This has been used to achieve topological insulator lasers based on the waveguide mode and a configuration of gain and loss distribution. Here, we demonstrate a topologically protected mode extended over the bulk of a two-dimensional kagome lattice with rhombus geometry by means of a synthetic imaginary gauge fields via auxiliary rings. This shows a phase-locked broad-area topological lasers in two-dimensional lattices.