Emission Performance of a Diesel Engine Running on Petroleum Diesel Fuel with Different Vegetable Oil Additives

An effective way to improve indicators of exhaust gas toxicity is to use alternative fuels. Biofuels derived from renewable plant materials are considered as promising alternative fuels. The paper discussed the possibility of using various vegetable oils as ecological additives to petroleum diesel fuel. Experimental studies have been performed on a D-245.12 (1 ChN 11/12.5) diesel engine operating on petroleum diesel fuel blended with vegetable oil additives at a volume concentration of 10%. The following vegetable oils have been investigated: rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil, linseed oil, mustard oil, and camelina oil. The addition of these vegetable oils to petroleum diesel fuel improved the toxicity of exhaust gases. On the investigated modes of maximum power and maximum torque, these additives contributed to a decrease in the concentration of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons in exhaust gases and a reduction in the exhaust smoke. Moreover, the reduction of exhaust gas smoke was the most significant. At the same time, the fuel efficiency of the engine under test changed insignificantly.