Grid Voltage Modulated Direct Power Control for Output Smoothing in Battery Energy Storage Systems

This paper proposes a sliding mode control (SMC) method for the grid voltage modulated direct power control(GVM-DPC) of Energy Storage Systems and Power Conversion System (ESS/PCS), which can control the instantaneous active power and reactive power directly. Wind power (WP) can cause serious stability problems in the power system because of its high variability depending on wind speed. To solve this problem, many power generation companies or grid operators have begun to use ESS. The conventional control method needs to use Phase-Locked-Loop (PLL), which extracts a phase angle of the grid required for the controller because it is modeling in d - q frame. This PLL performance affects the transient performance of ESS/PCS systems. We show the proposed SMC for the GVM-DPC algorithm enhances the tracking performance of the output power. We validate the proposed SMC for the GVM-DPC algorithm with MATLAB/Simulink and OPAL-RT (real-time simulator) environment systems. It turns out that the proposed method shows improved tracking performance over other conventional controllers.