Experimental Study on Direction of Arrival Estimation of Acoustic Signals Based on Hyperbeam Cross Spectrum

The direction of arrival estimation(DOA) technology plays an important role in acoustic beacon fast search and rescue at sea. In this paper, the DOA resolution of the split array beam-forming is improved by using the method of Hyper Beam-Forming(HBF) cross-spectrum. Under the condition of a certain signal-to-noise ratio, HBF cross-spectrum beam-forming method based on split array can effectively improve main lob width, reduce side-lobe effect and improve the resolution of direction finding significantly. Provide an effective judgment basis for the location estimation of acoustic beacons by using the intersection area of multi-point high-precision direction finding rays and the mean intersection. In this paper, the theoretical derivation process of the proposed method is given, and the error analysis of the azimuth estimation is carried out. The simulation and experimental results show that the side-lobe can be obviously suppressed by the split array HBF cross-spectrum method, and the accuracy and reliability of the target DOA estimation can be improved. The fusion method of the intersection area of multi-ray and the intersection point of multi-ray mean can effectively reduce the acoustic beacon search radius and improve search efficiency.