The influence of precursor concentration on the crystallinity and morphology of ZnO nanorods grown on the printed circuit board substrate

ZnO nanorods (NRs) were grown directly on copper substrates by an elevated hydrothermal method including implementation of a galvanic cell immersed in an aqueous solution. The solution contains an equimolar conc. of zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn[NO3]
₂
·6H
₂
O) and hexamethylenetetramine (C
₆
H
₁₂
N
₄
). The effect of precursor conc.s on the vertical growth and the crystallinity of ZnO NRs is the focus of this work. It has been concluded that the ZnO NRs synthesized at 0.08 M give the best results. Thus, this condition can be applied for the future synthesizing condition of ZnO NRs in optoelectronic devices.