Application of the Biaxial Driving Method to Focus Ultrasound Using Only Two Electric Signals

The biaxial driving method is a technique where a transducer is driven by the application of two orthogonal dephased electric fields. Finite element analysis simulations and experimental validations of prismatic-shaped biaxial single-element ferroelectric transducers made of PZT have shown that steering can be achieved up to 30°. This research work demonstrates that biaxial single-element ring transducers present a controlled refocusing property up to 6 mm on the acoustic propagation direction while using a biaxial excitation.