Robust Wireless Sensor Network Against Strong Electromagnetic Pulse

This paper studied the weak parts of the wireless sensor networks under strong electromagnetic pulse, and protected the whole network with hardware protection and software protection. After analysis, the weak parts of the sensor node are antenna module, signal line communication module, and sensor module. Numbers of experiments were done to research the relationship between the weak parts and the peak value of the electromagnetic pulse. Failure rates of the sensor nodes were calculated when the peak value of the electromagnetic pulse takes different value. Then protection circuits of the sensor nodes were designed, and experiments were done to verify the effectiveness of the protection circuits. Experiments results showed that the sensor nodes with hardware protection can work normally under strong electromagnetic pulse with 50kV/m peak value. For further protection, the improved LEACH (Low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy) routing algorithm was realized, and the performance of the wireless sensor network was improved once more. At last, simulations with different protection methods were done, and simulation results showed that the performance of the network with hardware protection and software protection was improved by 75%. The method with hardware and software protection gets the best reinforcement effect.