Investigation of Multiferroic Properties of Fe3+ and (La3+, Fe3+) doped PbZr0.53Ti0.47O3 Ceramics

In the present paper, the effects of $(\mathrm{F}\mathrm{e}^{3+}$ and $\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}^{3+})$ and of Fe
³⁺
on the properties of $\mathrm{P}\mathrm{b}(\mathrm{Z}\mathrm{r}_{0}.{}_{53}\mathrm{T}\mathrm{i}_{0.47})\mathrm{O}_{3}$ (PZT) ceramic materials have been studied. Conventional solid reaction method has been used for the sintering of the ceramic materials and their multiferroic properties have been investigated. The structure, the electric and magnetic properties of the ceramic materials have been explored. In case of iron ions or lanthanum and iron ions doping, the PZT ceramic materials show simultaneous effects of both ferromagnetism and ferroelectricity at room temperature with magnetic and dielectric properties suggestive of multiferroic behaviour in these systems. Introduction of the addition of $\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}^{3+}$ together with Fe
³⁺
has determined a major improvement of the electric properties. The magnetic properties decrease with the introduction of $\mathrm{L}\mathrm{a}^{3+}$ along with Fe
³⁺
.