Optimal Siting of Batteries in Distribution Systems to Enhance Reliability

This paper proposes a methodology to identify the best locations to install battery energy storage systems (BESS) in radial distribution networks. Such batteries are mainly intended for improving the reliability of the distribution network. The methodology uses utility historical load, outage and project-cost data, and relies on a mixed-integer linear programming optimization tool. The power and energy capacities of any of the BESS considered can be pre-specified based on the system's load and outage data. On the other hand, such parameters can be optimally determined, which generally results in a large number of small BESSs distributed throughout the distribution system. We analyze both alternatives. The optimal siting of BESSs is illustrated and discussed via sensitivity analysis using a small distribution system. In addition, a case study based on a real-worlddistribution network is analyzed. Outcomes show the validity and efficacy of the proposed methodology.