Comparison of Lithium-Ion Battery Pack Models Based on Test Data from Idaho and Argonne National Laboratories

This paper first reviews lithium-ion (Li-ion) battery models for battery-electric vehicle (BEV) simulation. Electrical equivalent-circuit (EEC) models are then derived using BEV test data from Idaho National Laboratories (INL). Four existing battery models, MATLAB, Tremblay, Log-Linear-Exponential and Polynomial, are compared to the INL test data. A modified-Trembley is introduced to improve the basic Tremblay model. It is shown that the steady-state performance can enable a virtual fuel gauge for a BEV simulator to be constructed. The dynamic performance of the Li-ion battery pack models for BEV applications are then tested with two separate internal impedance circuits in the EEC models and validated utilizing the Argonne National Laboratories (ANL) dynamometer data. A further contribution of this paper is to contrast and validate EEC battery pack models under high power BEV operating conditions.