Monitoring Water Quality Parameters of Taihu Lake Based on Remote Sensing Images and LSTM-RNN

Long-term dynamic monitoring of the water quality of freshwater resources is of great significance to the stable and orderly operation of human society. Most studies only use one of the measured data from the monitoring station and the remote sensing satellite data as the data source. However, a single data source will cause inaccuracy and incompatibility of the water quality monitoring results. Few studies start from practical applications to generate digital images of water quality changes. Furthermore, the performance of shallow neural networks in water quality monitoring is not often ideal. Considering the above problems, we proposed a long short-term memory network model (LSTM) to invert four key water parameters including pondus hydrogenii (PH), dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-H). Moreover, the model was applied to the satellite images of various periods to generate the inverted image of each water quality parameter. The proposed model has exhibited excellent performance in the water quality assessment of the project, with the coefficient of determination (R
²
), the relative root-mean-square error (rRMSE), and the mean relative error (MRE) values of 0.83, 0.16, and 0.18, respectively. And the inverted images are also consistent with the official information.