A Stochastic Spatiotemporal Decomposition Decision-Making Approach for Real-Time Dynamic Energy Management of Multi-Microgrids

This paper studies the real-time dynamic energy management (DEM) of multi microgrids (MMGs) considering active and reactive power flow constraints, voltage constraints, battery operational characters, and uncertainties in the renewable generation and load. A stochastic spatiotemporal decomposition decision-making framework is proposed based on approximate dynamic programming (ADP) to make decentralized decisions in both spatial and temporal dimensions. The tie-line power and the state of charge (SOC) of the battery are coordinated in real time to deal with the uncertainties in the upcoming future, preserving the decision independence of MGs and periods. And the shift factors are derived to consider active and reactive power flow constraints of MMGs in the stochastic spatiotemporal decomposition framework. Moreover, the historical information is utilized offline to avoid the dependency on forecast information and iterative calculation, while near-optimal solutions can be obtained in real time. Case studies on several MMG test systems and a real MMG system demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.