Load Balancing Algorithm for Real-Time Ray Tracing of Dynamic Scenes

In this article, we propose a load balancing algorithm that accelerates ray tracing effectively and simply manner. The algorithm was developed in a hybrid system consisting of a CPU and hardware dedicated to ray tracing. Tree-building is processed on the CPU, and rendering is executed by the ray tracing-dedicated hardware. Because these components operate independently of each other, the final performance in terms of frames per second (FPS) is determined based on the time spent on tree-building or rendering, whichever process takes longer. This characteristic of a hybrid system is reflected in the developed algorithm, which dynamically adjusts tree-build parameters at every frame, thereby minimizing the interval between tree-building and rendering times. These effects ultimately increase FPS performance. Experiments at a resolution of 1920 × 1080 involving various dynamic scenes indicated that FPS performance improved by an average of 75.3% when the proposed algorithm was used.