Cardio Protective Effect of Ethanolic Extract Vernonia Amygdalina Delile on Rats Induced Doxorubicin

Doxorubicin is a class of anthracyclines as a chemotherapy agent that is widely used and is now part of a standard therapy regimen for various types of cancer. However, cardiotoxicity is potentially fatal and depends on the dose that appears within a short time after treatment tends to limit the use of doxorubicin in cancer patients. Although the mechanism of cardiotoxicity is caused by free radicals, excessive reactive oxygen production is also a significant driver of toxicity. African leaves are known to have high antioxidant activity which can neutralize oxidant formation. In the experiment, 24 healthy mice were involved to evaluate Creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels. Rats were divided into six groups consists of normal, positive control, negative control, ethanol extract at doses of 100, 300, 500 mg / kgBB, respectively. The treat rats with ethanol extract were first induced by doxorubicin at an accumulative dose of 15 mg / kg body weight. The results showed the lowest CK-MB and LDH levels were found in the treated extract group with a dose of 500 mg / kg average about 320 ± 23 (U / L) and 553.66 ± 86.17 mg / dl, respectively. The heart muscle is triggered due to the accumulation of high oxidative stress levels in the rat heart. The provision of ethanol and African extracts was useful for neutralizing oxidative stress. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of African leaves can be used as adjunctive therapy in patients using doxorubicin.