Multi-Objective Topological Optimization of an Electric Truck Frame Based on Orthogonal Design and Analytic Hierarchy Process

The electric truck frame as a vital load-bearing component has aroused growing attentions due to its enormous potential in lightweight. However, few systematic studies have been performed on the multi-objective topological design of the frame attributable to its complexity on loading and conflicting objectives. This paper aims to develop a multi-objective topology optimization strategy of the electric truck frame based on the hybrid decision making method combining orthogonal test design (OTD) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The hybrid strategy is performed to obtain a new set of weight ratio combination from objective data and subjective judgment. The topological results show that the overall performance of the optimal frame is better than any of the methods applied alone. By comparing, it is found that the strength and stiffness of the optimal frame is higher than that of the original frame from the perspective of static conditions, and the low-order natural frequency of the optimal frame is significantly improved. It demonstrates that the proposed approach could be as an effective tool for multi-objective topology optimization of the electric truck frame in seeking lightweight and comprehensive mechanical performance. The hybrid strategy might be expected to provide some guidance for more complicated engineering problems.