Milling Tool Wear Prediction Method Based on Deep Learning Under Variable Working Conditions

Tool wear prediction is essential to ensure part quality and machining efficiency. Tool wear is affected by factors such as the material, structure, process, and processing time of the parts. Tool wear under the variable working conditions and the above factors show a complex coupling and timing correlation, which makes it challenging to predict tool wear under variable working conditions. This article aims to resolve this issue. First, we establish a unified representation of working condition factors. The stacked autoencoder (SAE) model adaptively extracts tool wear features from the machining signal. The extracted wear features and respective working conditions then combine into a working condition feature sequence for predicting tool wear. Finally, the advantages of the long short-term memory (LSTM) model to solve memory accumulation effects learn the regular wear pattern of the working condition feature sequence to realize the prediction of the tool wear. An experiment illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.