Window-to-Polynomial Transform and Its Application in Antenna Array Design

Windowing is a common method in signal analysis and in digital and spatial filter design. In many cases, adjustable windows are preferable since they offer a tradeoff between requirements, usually sidelobe level and mainlobe width. In this paper, we present a straightforward method for the design of windows with prescribed sidelobe level or mainlobe width. The method is based on the transform of a given window into the polynomial, thus enabling the use of polynomial approximation in the window design. Consequently, the method introduces an additional degree of freedom into the design process. The features of the method are illustrated with the design of linear antenna arrays having low dynamic range ratio and high beam efficiency. In particular, the adjustment of Taylor-Kaiser arrays, the design of arrays with minimum dynamic range ratio based on the transformed Gaussian windows, and the combined array design incorporating rectangular and Gaussian window.