Fractal Metamaterial Inspired MSA for Wearable Devices

The design of wearable fractal antenna on the spiral shaped Metamaterial (MTM) substrate suitable for Medical Body Area Network (MBAN) (2.36-2.4GHz) and ISM (2.4-2.45GHz) frequency bands is presented in this paper. This antenna is composed of a fractal outlined square patch as the main radiating element on the FR4 substrate of size 36 mm×36 mm×1.6 mm. A spiral shaped MTM structure is included in the ground plane of the antenna to attain the resonance at the design frequency and appreciable gain. The proposed wearable antenna may be attached to human body, so the specific absorption ratio (SAR) must be as per the standards. Another design to reduce SAR value with a spiral metamaterial superstrate operating at the desired frequency band is introduced. It is inferred that the superstrate is capable of reducing SAR by 29.12% and 60.18% at 2.36GHz and 2.4GHz respectively with promising antenna performances.